China Law Key Words · 01 Practice
Trade & Customs
Practical China law orientation, guides and related counsel
264 articles · Latest update 13 Sep 2026
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Guides, answers and analysis related to this topic.
264 articles
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06 Sep 2026
Rare Earth Export Controls in China
Mainland China has used export-control and customs notices to restrict rare earths and related products. The live control — licence, ban, reporting, or none — is in the current MO…
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06 Sep 2026
Gallium Export Controls in China
Mainland China has used export-control and customs notices to restrict gallium and related products. The live control — licence, ban, reporting, or none — is in the current MOFCOM…
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06 Sep 2026
Graphite Export Controls in China
Mainland China has used export-control and customs notices to restrict graphite and related products. The live control — licence, ban, reporting, or none — is in the current MOFCO…
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06 Sep 2026
Antimony Export Controls in China
Mainland China has used export-control and customs notices to restrict antimony and related products. The live control — licence, ban, reporting, or none — is in the current MOFCO…
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06 Sep 2026
Tungsten Export Controls in China
Mainland China has used export-control and customs notices to restrict tungsten and related products. The live control — licence, ban, reporting, or none — is in the current MOFCO…
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06 Sep 2026
End-Use Certificates in China
An end-use/end-user certificate (EUC) is a statement of who will use the item and for what. In China export licensing it is evidence, not a magic safe harbour if you ignored red f…
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06 Sep 2026
Export-Control Clauses in Contracts
A China-related contract should allocate classification, licensing, end-user honesty, no-diversion, and what happens if a list changes. Clauses do not replace a licence, and they…
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06 Sep 2026
Export-Control Due Diligence in M&A
Buying or selling a China-linked business requires an export-control file: past unlicensed exports, licences, catch-all red flags, technology transfers, and stacked US/EU exposure…
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06 Sep 2026
China Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law
The Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law (AFSL) is Mainland China’s statute for counter-measures and blocking extra-territorial foreign sanctions. It is not a dual-use control list and not…
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06 Sep 2026
How to Apply for a China Export Licence
A China dual-use or other export-control licence is applied for with the competent authority (often MOFCOM) using the current electronic forms, item identity, and end-user/end-use…
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06 Sep 2026
Technology Export Controls in China
Exporting technology from Mainland China includes licences, emails, cloud access, training and engineers abroad — not only USB sticks at customs. Dual-use lists, the technology-im…
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06 Sep 2026
Dual-Use Items in China
A dual-use item in Mainland China is goods, software or technology that has both civil and military or other controlled uses and is listed or caught by catch-all rules. The commer…
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06 Sep 2026
China Dual-Use Control List
The China dual-use control list is the live catalogue of goods, software and technologies that generally need an export licence. It is amended by announcement. A printed annex in…
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06 Sep 2026
China Export Licence
A China export licence is an official permission to export a controlled item, technology or service to a stated end user, end use and destination. It is not a customs declaration…
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06 Sep 2026
End User Under China Export Controls
The end user is the party that will actually use the controlled item or technology — not always the buyer on the invoice. China licences and catch-all analysis follow the real use…
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